Song of Solomon 3:5

Authorized King James Version

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I charge you, O ye daughters of Jerusalem, by the roes, and by the hinds of the field, that ye stir not up, nor awake my love, till he please.

Original Language Analysis

הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי I charge H7650
הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי I charge
Strong's: H7650
Word #: 1 of 16
to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)
אֶתְכֶ֜ם H853
אֶתְכֶ֜ם
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 16
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בְּנ֤וֹת you O ye daughters H1323
בְּנ֤וֹת you O ye daughters
Strong's: H1323
Word #: 3 of 16
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ of Jerusalem H3389
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ of Jerusalem
Strong's: H3389
Word #: 4 of 16
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
בִּצְבָא֔וֹת by the roes H6643
בִּצְבָא֔וֹת by the roes
Strong's: H6643
Word #: 5 of 16
a gazelle (as beautiful)
א֖וֹ and H176
א֖וֹ and
Strong's: H176
Word #: 6 of 16
desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
בְּאַיְל֣וֹת by the hinds H355
בְּאַיְל֣וֹת by the hinds
Strong's: H355
Word #: 7 of 16
a doe or female deer
הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה of the field H7704
הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה of the field
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 8 of 16
a field (as flat)
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 9 of 16
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
תְּעֽוֹרְר֛וּ nor awake H5782
תְּעֽוֹרְר֛וּ nor awake
Strong's: H5782
Word #: 10 of 16
to wake (literally or figuratively)
וְֽאִם H518
וְֽאִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 11 of 16
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
תְּעֽוֹרְר֛וּ nor awake H5782
תְּעֽוֹרְר֛וּ nor awake
Strong's: H5782
Word #: 12 of 16
to wake (literally or figuratively)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 13 of 16
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הָאַהֲבָ֖ה my love H160
הָאַהֲבָ֖ה my love
Strong's: H160
Word #: 14 of 16
love
עַ֥ד H5704
עַ֥ד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 15 of 16
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
שֶׁתֶּחְפָּֽץ׃ till he please H2654
שֶׁתֶּחְפָּֽץ׃ till he please
Strong's: H2654
Word #: 16 of 16
properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to be pleased with, desire

Analysis & Commentary

The bride repeats her adjuration: 'I charge you, O ye daughters of Jerusalem, by the roes, and by the hinds of the field, that ye stir not up, nor awake my love, till he please.' This refrain (appearing in 2:7; 3:5; 8:4) emphasizes love's proper timing. The context here follows the bride's successful search for her beloved (verses 1-4), celebrating reunion after separation. The warning still applies: don't force or manipulate love's rhythms. Even within committed relationship, intimacy requires mutual readiness and appropriate timing. The verse teaches that covenant love respects both partners' readiness, never coercing or demanding beyond what is freely given. Spiritually, it reminds believers that God's timing in spiritual development and answered prayer cannot be rushed through human manipulation.

Historical Context

The repetition of this refrain creates structure in the Song, marking transitions between sections. Ancient readers would recognize the pattern: seasons of seeking, finding, intimacy, and restraint cycle throughout courtship and marriage. The emphasis on not awakening love prematurely appears especially after intimate union (verse 4 describes bringing the beloved into chambers), suggesting that even within marriage, respect for the beloved's timing and readiness remains crucial. Early church fathers applied this to spiritual maturity—God's work in the soul progresses at His pace, not ours. The Reformers emphasized that sanctification is gradual, requiring patience and avoiding presumptuous demands on God. Modern readers see wisdom for both sexual ethics (respecting boundaries and timing) and spiritual formation (trusting God's timing in growth).

Questions for Reflection